Fundamentally, a microscope comprises two subsystems: an illumination system to illuminate the sample and an imaging system that produces a magnified image of the light that has interacted with the ...

This protocol outlines a procedure for collecting and analyzing point spread functions (PSFs). It describes how to prepare fluorescent microsphere samples, set up a confocal microscope to properly ...

Modern understanding of technology recognizes miniaturized integration as a pivotal advance that facilitates low-cost production and typically leads to improved performance and unanticipated ...

A new dual-light microscope lets researchers observe micro- and nanoscale activity inside living cells without using dyes. The system captures both detailed structures and tiny moving particles at ...